WE, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), namely Brunei Darussalam, the Kingdom of Cambodia, the Republic of Indonesia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, the Republic of the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, the Kingdom of Thailand, and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, gathered in Labuan Bajo, Indonesia, on the occasion of the 42nd ASEAN Summit on 10 – 11 May 2023;

ACKNOWLEDGING that while technology, including information and communications technologies, has become an indispensable element of our lives, particularly during the COVID-19 Pandemic, it has also generated risks and consequences of technology abuse, in facilitating transnational and organised criminal activities;